What occurs when you perform a Git commit?

When you perform a Git commit, you generate a snapshot of the current state of changes in the files. This snapshot captures the exact state of your project at that moment, enabling you to track changes over time. Each commit contains information about the changes made, including which files were modified, added, or deleted, as well as a unique identifier (hash) and metadata such as the author's name and timestamp.

This functionality is crucial for version control, as it allows developers to revert to previous versions of their work if necessary, view historical changes, and collaborate with others effectively. A commit serves as a point in the project's history, making it easier to manage ongoing development and simplify the process of debugging or reviewing changes.

The other options do not accurately reflect the nature of a Git commit. A commit does not create backups of all files, delete previous versions, or create a new branch; instead, it focuses specifically on recording the current state of the project alongside its history.